Public Law 119-20
Cancels an EPA rule that had stopped certain large sources of toxic air pollution from being moved into a less strictly regulated category.
What this law changes
From a secondary sourceCancels an EPA rule that had stopped certain large sources of toxic air pollution from being moved into a less strictly regulated category.
This account is written from the official description of the bill. We have saved the law's official text and have not finished checking the account against it.
Transparency Score
The Transparency Score is the share of this law’s dollars that goes to what the law says it is for.
Transparency Score
Share of the text within the stated purpose:Not checked yetThe text of this law provides and authorizes no dollar amount. The score is the share of its text within the stated intent. That share is "Not checked yet": no reading of this law is approved by a person yet.
How this is counted
- Transparency Score: dollars in sections a person approved as within the stated intent, divided by total dollars in the law. Shown as a percentage. Higher means more of the money goes to what the law says it is for.
- Beside it, the same two numbers the other way round: total dollars divided by dollars within the stated intent. 1.00 means every dollar is within the stated intent. When no dollar is within the stated intent this ratio cannot be computed, and the answer says so.
- Total dollars: appropriated dollars plus authorized dollars, read from the law's text by the rules below. Dollars in a section whose reading is unclear or was not read count in the total and are shown apart as unclear.
- A law whose text provides and authorizes no dollar amount reads "No money in this law". Its score is the share of its words that are in sections within the stated intent.
- The score reads "Not checked yet" until a person approves the law's reading of which sections are within the stated intent. The dollar totals need no reading and are shown before that.
- The dollar totals read "Not checked yet" when more than 10 percent of the dollars read could not be sorted by the rules.
- Every dollar amount in our saved text of the law is read: "$1,234,567", "$5 billion", "$2.5 million". Margin notes, page marks and the table of contents are left out. Each amount is kept with the words printed around it.
- Appropriated: the sentence says "there is appropriated", "is hereby appropriated" or "out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated"; or the amount is the one an appropriations paragraph ("For ..., $X") provides under an account heading of an appropriations act.
- Authorized: the sentence says "authorized to be appropriated". An authorization lets a later law provide the money. It provides none itself.
- A list under such a sentence ("there is appropriated the following: (1) ...; (2) ..."): an amount that begins an item is counted the same way as the sentence says, unless the sentence gives a total first. Then the items are parts of that total.
- "$X for each of fiscal years 2026 through 2030" is counted as X times the number of years named (here 5). The yearly figure, the years and the product are all kept. "For each fiscal year" with no years named is counted once, and the answer says so.
- Open-ended: "such sums as may be necessary" names no amount. It is counted as an item and adds no dollars.
- Rescinded: "is hereby rescinded", "permanently cancelled", or an item of a list headed "the following funds are hereby rescinded". Shown apart. Not subtracted from the total.
- Not spending, and left out of the total: an amount after "not to exceed", "not more than", "up to", "less than", "in excess of" and like words; a fine or penalty; a limit the law raises ("the limitation is increased by $X"); a figure the law strikes from another law; and a figure inside words it writes into another law ("striking $X and inserting $Y"), unless the same sentence says the figure is authorized or appropriated.
- Counted once: an amount after "of which", after "Provided, That", or after "of the amounts made available" is a part of a total already counted. Where a paragraph ends "in all, $X", that total is counted and the amounts before it are its parts.
- An amount the rules cannot sort is "not classified". It is listed with its words and left out of the total. Nothing is guessed.
- Total dollars: appropriated dollars plus authorized dollars. The two are also shown apart.
What the law says it is for
Confirmed from the official recordThese are the law’s own words, and the words of Congress’s records, about what the law is for.
Official title
“Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to ``Review of Final Rule Reclassification of Major Sources as Area Sources Under Section 112 of the Clean Air Act''.”
The words under "Joint Resolution", Public Law 119-20, official text · Saved October 5, 2026 · Fingerprint effc3a6a7f6d4f40
Congress's summary · Congressional Research Service
“This joint resolution removes the requirements for sources of persistent and bioaccumulative hazardous air pollutants to comply with certain major source emissions standards when those sources reclassify as area sources (which have less stringent standards). Specifically, the joint resolution nullifies the Environmental Protection Agency rule titled Review of Final Rule Reclassification of Major Sources as Area Sources Under Section 112 of the Clean Air Act . The rule requires sources that seek to reclassify as area sources to implement certain control methods (e.g., continue to employ emission control methods required under the major sources requirements) to ensure they do not increase emissions beyond the major source requirements applicable at the time of reclassification.”
Summary of the version: Public Law, Congressional Research Service summary: Public Law · Saved October 6, 2026 · Fingerprint b725bb5505c2b76b
The law's text gives it no short title.
The law has no findings or purpose section.
The bill's record names no committee report.
Dollars in this law
Confirmed from the official recordThe text of this law provides and authorizes no dollar amount.
Source: Public Law 119-20, official text · Saved October 5, 2026 · Fingerprint effc3a6a7f6d4f40
Other measures
Each measure has its own status. None is added into the score.
- Dollars in sections added along the way
- No money in this law
- Member-requested dollars as a share of appropriated dollars
- Not checked yet
No list of member-requested spending is printed in the 34 official records saved for this law, and no committee report says there is none.
- Open-ended amounts (“such sums as may be necessary”)
- 0 passagesConfirmed from the official record
- Other bills whose text this law contains
- 1 billConfirmed from the official record
- How the House passed it
- Recorded vote: 216 Yes, 212 No, 0 Present, 4 Did not vote, May 22, 2025Confirmed from the official record
- How the Senate passed it
- Recorded vote: 52 Yes, 46 No, 0 Present, 2 Did not vote, May 1, 2025Confirmed from the official record
- Committee report saved
- None in the official recordConfirmed from the official record
The bill's official record names no committee report.
- Hearing saved
- None in the official recordConfirmed from the official record
The bill's official record names no hearing.
How these are counted
- Added along the way, sections: sections of the final law marked "added later", divided by the sections compared.
- Added along the way, words: words in those sections, divided by the words in the sections compared.
- Each text is read as a list of words. A run is 5 words in a row. For each section of the final law we count the share of its runs that appear anywhere in the first published text of the bill. 90 percent or more: in the first text. From 20 to 90 percent: changed. Under 20 percent: added later. A section with fewer than 20 words is not compared.
- Sections outside the stated intent: sections a person approved as outside the stated intent, divided by the sections read. The same count is given in words.
- Member-requested spending: the number of items in the lists Congress printed for the law, and the sum of their dollar amounts.
- A part that is not checked yet is shown as "Not checked yet". It is never counted as zero. No single blended number is given.
Time to read before the House vote
How long the text is public before the House votes on it. This measure is not added into the score.
- House
- 131 hours 29 minutes (5 days 11 hours)Confirmed from the official record
The House Clerk posted the text on May 16, 2025 at 3:21 p.m. Eastern. The House voted on May 22, 2025 at 2:51 a.m. Eastern.
2 pages: S.J.Res. 31, Engrossed in Senate. The page count GovInfo gives for this text. The copy posted for the floor can be laid out on a different number of pages.
Posted file 1 (PDF) · Posted file 2 (XML)
The vote: On passage Passed by the Yeas and Nays: 216 - 212 (Roll no. 143).
Posted: House Clerk, bills to be considered, week of 2025-05-19 · Saved October 8, 2026 · Fingerprint cdfe56719102453a
Voted: Actions on S.J.Res. 31, Congress's data service · Saved October 8, 2026 · Fingerprint 91c6a617ec085d32
Pages: GovInfo's record of BILLS-119sjres31es · Saved October 8, 2026 · Fingerprint 9c7c7943e9344fd9
How the time zone is checked
- The action's time read as Eastern time is the same moment as the recorded vote's own time in UTC.
- The file's own update stamp read as Eastern time is 1 minute from the Last-Modified time (GMT) the file was served with.
- Senate
- Not published yet
The Senate publishes no time stamp for when the text of a bill is posted, so no time to read is given for the Senate.
How this is counted
- Posted: the moment the last file of the floor item became public on the House Clerk's weekly list of bills, before the vote. A file is public from the first time the list was published at or after the moment the file was added.
- A floor item lists the bill text and can list papers that go with it, such as an explanatory statement. The list does not say which file is which. So the count runs from the last file made public before the vote, and the moment the item was first listed is shown beside it. The count is never longer than the real time to read.
- Voted: the time of the House floor action in Congress's data service. When the House voted on the bill more than once, the last vote is used: that is the vote on the text that went on to become law.
- Time to read: voted minus posted, in hours and minutes. Both are Eastern time.
- Pages: the page count GovInfo gives for the text of the bill as the House voted on it. The copy posted for the floor can be laid out on a different number of pages.
- Which floor item: the one that names the bill. When several name it, the one whose words name the same kind of vote. When the House voted on the bill more than once that week and the list does not tell the votes apart, no figure is given.
- A floor item taken off the list, two floor items that fit, a text made public only after the vote, or a time zone check that shows another time zone: the figure reads "Not checked yet".
Congressional Budget Office cost estimates
Congress’s data service lists no Congressional Budget Office cost estimate for the bill behind this law.
S.J.Res. 31, Congress's data service · Saved October 8, 2026 · Fingerprint ecb9d8b7a02af6d6
Added along the way
Not checked yetSections added later: Not checked yet. The first text of this bill was replaced: 100 percent of it is not in the final law. Under 20 percent of the first text is in the final law, so nearly every section reads as added later.
Amendments adopted
The record lists no adopted amendment to this bill.
Other bills whose text this law contains
The Congressional Research Service, a part of the Library of Congress, marks 1 other bill with the words “Public law contains the text”. That means this law includes text from that bill. This page does not compare its text with the law.
- H.J.Res. 79 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Review of Final Rule Reclassification of Major Sources as Area Sources Under S
Member-requested spending
No list foundNo list of member-requested spending is printed in the 34 official records saved for this law, and no committee report says there is none.
Sections outside the stated intent
Not checked yetA person reviews each reading before it appears here.
What this law changes in taxes
This law changes no tax.
Our reader went through the full text. It found no sentence that amends the Internal Revenue Code, the Harmonized Tariff Schedule or the Tariff Act of 1930, and no sentence that names a tax, a tariff or the Internal Revenue Service.
How we read a law for this section
- A provision is one sentence of the law that says a part of a tax law "is amended" or "is repealed". The words are quoted from our saved copy of the law. Words inside text the law inserts into another law are not read as provisions.
- A sentence counts when it names the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 or title 26 of the United States Code; when it says "such Code" and the last Code named in that section of the law is the Internal Revenue Code of 1986; when the law says that its amendments are to be read as amendments to the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and the sentence names no other law; or when the sentence names no law at all and the amending sentence before it, in the same section of the law, amended the Internal Revenue Code of 1986.
- A sentence that amends the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States or the Tariff Act of 1930 is listed under "Tariffs and customs duties".
- The tax type comes from the number of the Code section the sentence names. Sections 1 to 5, 21 to 26, 32, 35, 36, 36B, 62, 63, 67, 68, 151 to 153 and 211 to 224 apply to individuals: "Individual income tax". Sections 11, 12, 59A, 241 to 250, 301 to 385, 531 to 565 and 1501 to 1564 apply to corporations: "Corporate income tax". Every other section from 1 to 1400Z and 1411 to 1564 is "Income tax, individuals and businesses". Sections 1401 to 1403 and 3101 to 3512: "Payroll taxes". Sections 2001 to 2801: "Estate and gift taxes". Sections 4001 to 5891: "Excise taxes". Every other section, such as the rules on returns, penalties and trust funds: "Other tax law".
- A sentence that names a chapter or subtitle of the Code and no section is sorted by that chapter or subtitle. A sentence that adds a new section is sorted by the new section's number.
- "Old and new" is shown only where the law says both: "striking X and inserting Y". Other dollar amounts and percentages in the sentence are listed as printed.
- A change to a table of contents or a change headed "Conforming" or "Clerical" is listed apart.
- A law reads "This law changes no tax" only when our saved copy reaches the end of the law, no sentence above is found, the text does not name the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, the Internal Revenue Service, the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States, a tariff, a duty or a named tax, and the margin of the official print cites title 26 of the United States Code nowhere.
- Nothing here says how much tax anyone pays. That takes figures the law's text does not state.
Read from: Public Law 119-20, official text · Saved October 5, 2026 · Fingerprint effc3a6a7f6d4f40
On the record
On the record: Not started.
Press releases by members of Congress
From a secondary sourceThese are press releases from members' official websites that name this law. We save a copy of each one.
5 press releases
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Scalise’s End-of-Year Recap: One Year of Republicans Delivering on our Promises
“S.J. Res. 31 (Sen. Curtis) – Clean Air Act Major Sources CRA: Nullifies the Biden EPA’s “Review of Final Rule Reclassification of Major Sources as Area Sources Under Section 112 of the Clean Air Act” rule imposing permanent red tape on companies classified as “major sources” and removing incentives to reduce emissions, restoring common sense and encouraging progress.”
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Scalise’s Summer Update: Six Months of Winning for the American People
“S.J. Res. 31 (Sen. Curtis) – Major Sources CRA: Nullifies the Biden EPA’s “Review of Final Rule Reclassification of Major Sources as Area Sources Under Section 112 of the Clean Air Act” rule imposing permanent red tape on companies classified as “major sources” and removing incentives to reduce emissions, restoring common sense and encouraging progress.”
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“S.J. Res. 31, sponsored by Senator John Curtis (R-UT) and led in the House by Fedorchak, passed by a 216-212 vote.”
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“WASHINGTON— House Republican Conference Chairwoman Lisa McClain (R-Mich.) released the following statement after the U.S. House of Representatives passed, S.J. Res. 31, overturning the Biden administration’s Major Sources Rule under the Clean Air Act.”
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Fedorchak statement on Senate passage of resolution to repeal 'Once-In-Always-In' rule
“Washington, D.C. – Congresswoman Julie Fedorchak (R-ND) released the following statement after the Senate passed S.J.Res. 31, legislation she introduced in the House to overturn the Biden administration’s reinstatement of the burdensome “Once-In-Always-In" rule. The resolution, introduced by Senator John Curtis (R-UT), passed with a vote of 52-46.”
Read from 539 of 539 members' sites, releases since January 3, 2025, through October 8, 2026.
Press releases by organizations
No saved press release from these organizations names this law.
Read from 510 of 510 organizations' sites, releases since January 3, 2025, through October 8, 2026.
What it touches
Kind of law: Cancels a federal rule. Budget effect: No direct effect on agency budgets.
Government
- Laws and regulations
The economy
- Cost of regulation
- Vehicles and manufacturing
Daily life
- Environment and outdoors
- Health
Agencies it funds or directs
Dollar amounts:Not checked yetHow it passed
The Senate passed it 52 to 46 on May 1, 2025, with 2 senators who did not vote.
The House passed it 216 to 212 on May 22, 2025, with 4 members who did not vote.
The question on the official record: House, “On Passage”. Senate, “On the Joint Resolution (S.J.Res. 31)”.
| Chamber and party | Yes | No | Present | Did not vote |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| House Republicans | 216 | 1 | 0 | 3 |
| House Democrats | 0 | 211 | 0 | 1 |
| Senate Republicans | 52 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Senate Democrats | 0 | 44 | 0 | 1 |
| Senate independents | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
How each member votes
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Where this comes from
We saved our own copy of each official vote file listed here before writing this page. A code beside a file is its fingerprint, a short code that changes if the file's contents change.