H.J.Res. 51 · Became law May 27, 2003

Public Law 108-24

Official title: “Increasing the statutory limit on the public debt.”

Senate 53–44
House vote:Not checked yetSenate tally:Confirmed from the official record

All laws of the 108th Congress

What this law changes

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Plain-language account: Not started

Read the official text of the law

Transparency Score

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The Transparency Score is the share of this law’s dollars that goes to what the law says it is for. We have not read this law for this section yet.

What this law changes in taxes

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Press releases by members of Congress

No saved press release names this law.

Read from 539 of 539 members' sites, releases since January 3, 2025, through October 7, 2026.

Press releases by organizations

No saved press release from these organizations names this law.

Read from 510 of 510 organizations' sites, releases since January 3, 2025, through October 7, 2026.

How it passed

How the House passed it: Not checked yet. The official action list does not say how this chamber voted.

The Senate passed it 53 to 44 on May 23, 2003, with 3 senators who did not vote.

It became law on May 27, 2003.

The question on the official record: Senate, “On the Joint Resolution H.J.Res. 51”.

Chamber and partyYesNoPresentDid not vote
Senate Republicans50100
Senate Democrats24303
Senate independents1000

How each member voted

Only Senate members have a recorded vote on this law. How the House passed it: Not checked yet.

100 members. Select a name to see that member's votes on laws that passed.

AK · SenateLisa MurkowskiRRepublicanYes
AK · SenateTed StevensRRepublicanYes
AL · SenateJeff SessionsRRepublicanYes
AL · SenateRichard C. ShelbyRRepublicanYes
AR · SenateBlanche LincolnDDemocratNo
AR · SenateMark L. PryorDDemocratNo
AZ · SenateJohn McCainRRepublicanYes
AZ · SenateJon KylRRepublicanYes
CA · SenateBarbara BoxerDDemocratNo
CA · SenateDianne FeinsteinDDemocratNo
CO · SenateBen CampbellRRepublicanYes
CO · SenateWayne AllardRRepublicanYes
CT · SenateChristopher DoddDDemocratNo
CT · SenateJoseph I. LiebermanDDemocratNo
DE · SenateJoseph BidenDDemocratNo
DE · SenateThomas R. CarperDDemocratNo
FL · SenateBill NelsonDDemocratNo
FL · SenateBob GrahamDDemocratNo
GA · SenateSaxby ChamblissRRepublicanYes
GA · SenateZell MillerDDemocratYes
HI · SenateDaniel K. AkakaDDemocratNo
HI · SenateDaniel K. InouyeDDemocratNo
IA · SenateChuck GrassleyRRepublicanYes
IA · SenateTom HarkinDDemocratNo
ID · SenateLarry CraigRRepublicanYes
ID · SenateMike CrapoRRepublicanYes
IL · SenatePeter FitzgeraldRRepublicanYes
IL · SenateRichard J. DurbinDDemocratNo
IN · SenateEvan BayhDDemocratNo
IN · SenateRichard G. LugarRRepublicanYes
KS · SenatePat RobertsRRepublicanYes
KS · SenateSamuel BrownbackRRepublicanYes
KY · SenateJim BunningRRepublicanYes
KY · SenateMitch McConnellRRepublicanYes
LA · SenateJohn BreauxDDemocratYes
LA · SenateMary L. LandrieuDDemocratNo
MA · SenateEdward KennedyDDemocratDid not vote
MA · SenateJohn F. KerryDDemocratDid not vote
MD · SenateBarbara A. MikulskiDDemocratNo
MD · SenatePaul SarbanesDDemocratNo
ME · SenateOlympia J. SnoweRRepublicanYes
ME · SenateSusan M. CollinsRRepublicanYes
MI · SenateCarl LevinDDemocratNo
MI · SenateDebbie StabenowDDemocratNo
MN · SenateMark DaytonDDemocratNo
MN · SenateNorm ColemanRRepublicanYes
MO · SenateChristopher BondRRepublicanYes
MO · SenateJames TalentRRepublicanYes
MS · SenateThad CochranRRepublicanYes
MS · SenateTrent LottRRepublicanYes
MT · SenateConrad BurnsRRepublicanYes
MT · SenateMax BaucusDDemocratNo
NC · SenateElizabeth DoleRRepublicanYes
NC · SenateJohn EdwardsDDemocratDid not vote
ND · SenateByron DorganDDemocratNo
ND · SenateKent ConradDDemocratNo
NE · SenateBen NelsonDDemocratNo
NE · SenateCharles HagelRRepublicanYes
NH · SenateJohn SununuRRepublicanYes
NH · SenateJudd GreggRRepublicanYes
NJ · SenateFrank R. LautenbergDDemocratNo
NJ · SenateJon CorzineDDemocratNo
NM · SenateJeff BingamanDDemocratNo
NM · SenatePete DomeniciRRepublicanYes
NV · SenateHarry ReidDDemocratNo
NV · SenateJohn EnsignRRepublicanNo
NY · SenateCharles E. SchumerDDemocratNo
NY · SenateHillary ClintonDDemocratNo
OH · SenateGeorge VoinovichRRepublicanYes
OH · SenateMichael DeWineRRepublicanYes
OK · SenateDon NicklesRRepublicanYes
OK · SenateJames M. InhofeRRepublicanYes
OR · SenateGordon SmithRRepublicanYes
OR · SenateRon WydenDDemocratNo
PA · SenateArlen SpecterRRepublicanYes
PA · SenateRichard SantorumRRepublicanYes
RI · SenateJack ReedDDemocratNo
RI · SenateLincoln ChafeeRRepublicanYes
SC · SenateErnest HollingsDDemocratNo
SC · SenateLindsey GrahamRRepublicanYes
SD · SenateThomas DaschleDDemocratNo
SD · SenateTim JohnsonDDemocratNo
TN · SenateLamar AlexanderRRepublicanYes
TN · SenateWilliam FristRRepublicanYes
TX · SenateJohn CornynRRepublicanYes
TX · SenateKay Bailey HutchisonRRepublicanYes
UT · SenateOrrin G. HatchRRepublicanYes
UT · SenateRobert BennettRRepublicanYes
VA · SenateGeorge AllenRRepublicanYes
VA · SenateJohn WarnerRRepublicanYes
VT · SenateJames JeffordsIIndependentYes
VT · SenatePatrick J. LeahyDDemocratNo
WA · SenateMaria CantwellDDemocratNo
WA · SenatePatty MurrayDDemocratNo
WI · SenateHerb KohlDDemocratNo
WI · SenateRussell FeingoldDDemocratNo
WV · SenateJohn D. Rockefeller, IVDDemocratNo
WV · SenateRobert ByrdDDemocratNo
WY · SenateCraig ThomasRRepublicanYes
WY · SenateMichael B. EnziRRepublicanYes

Where this comes from

A file marked "saved" is our own copy of the official file. The code beside it is its fingerprint, a short code that changes if the file's contents change. A file with no copy saved carries "Not published yet".

Published law, official text (web page)govinfo.gov · saved October 5, 2026 · 1,087 bytes
8915ef79a05548b1Confirmed from the official record
Published law, official text (PDF)govinfo.gov · saved October 5, 2026 · 111,055 bytes
fdd1fa6d2e120efbConfirmed from the official record
Final bill as passed by Congress (web page)govinfo.gov · saved October 5, 2026 · 1,138 bytes
2b102de51f3bce6fConfirmed from the official record
Final bill as passed by Congress (PDF)govinfo.gov · saved October 5, 2026 · 106,969 bytes
57ee4c5a3bcf13b5Confirmed from the official record
Senate roll call 202 of 2003: On the Joint Resolution H.J.Res. 51senate.gov · saved October 5, 2026 · the vote that passed the law
5e65c138a8f308b2Confirmed from the official record
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